Means for controlling admission and exhaust in double-acting explosionengines



J. C. W. LLOYD.

MEANS FOR CONTROLLING ADMISSION AND EXHAUST IN DOUBLE ACTING EXPLOSIONENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 20. 1918.

1,388,352, Patented Aug. 23, 1921.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

I. C. W. LLOYD.

MEANS FOR CONTROLLING ADMISSION AND EXHAUST IN DOUBLE ACTING EXPLOSIONENGINES. APPLICATION FILED SEPT- ZO, I918.

1,388,352, Patented Aug. 23, 1921.

2 3 HTS-SHEET 2. b a d Inven/Zvr. Ian Lloyd 15 4%? JiwM fliiy J. C..W.LLOYD."

MEANS FOR CONTROLLING ADMISSION AND EXHAUST IN I JOUBLE ACTING EXPLOSIONENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 20. I918.

1,888,352 I Patented Aug. 23,1921.

8 3 $HRET$--$HEET 3- Invenfior.

JOSEPH CHARLES WILLIAM LLOYD, 'OF' ALPERTON, ENGLAND.

MEANS FOR CONTROLLING ADMISSION ANDEXHAUST LIN DOUBLE-ACTING EXPLOSION-ENGINES.

"Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 23, 1921.

Application filed-September 20, 1918. Serial No. 255,004.

To all whom it may concern. 7

Be it known that I, JosnPH CHARLES WIL- LIAM LLOYD, a subject of theKing of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Alperton, in the countyof Middlesex, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Means for Controlling Admission and Exhaust in Double-ActingExplosion- Engines, of which the following is a specification. 7

This invention relates to double acting explosion engines working on thefourstroke cycle and in which the admission and exhaust is controlled byconcentric slide valve and sleeve-operated by time eccentric device ofthe kind giving double acting, silent and positive movement tothevalves, the object being to provide an improved apparatus of this kind.7 7

According to this invention the concentric slide valve and sleeves arearranged within auxiliary cylinders, independent of the main cylindersbut communicating therewith. Each auxiliary cylinder communicates withtwo of the main cylinders, thus controlling the admission and exhaust oftwo main cylinders at the same time.

Each of the auxiliary cylinder valve and sleeve functions for the top ofone main cylinder and the bottom of the adjacent main cylinder.

The cranks of the main cylinders are ar-- ranged so that the anglebetween the cranks of two cylinders is 180 while the sleeve and slidevalve is driven at half the speed of the crank shaft and may be operatedby two rods pivotally connected to two eccentrics or cranks on one shaftabout 90 to each other.

The admission preferably communicates midway in the auxiliary cylinderby annular openings extending around the said auxiliary cylinder,through lateral openings in the sleeve valve and around thecircumferential throat arranged midway of the length of the slide valve.

Or as an alternative method of operation, the admission may communicateat the end of the auxiliary cylinder by an axial opening in the slidevalve and annular openings around the auxiliary cylinder. I

The valve comprises a sleeve open-at both ends and having lateralopenings Which will slide withinthe auxiliar cylinder and be broughtinto position wit its lateral openings, opposite thelateral openingsbetween admission and exhaust alternately.

The exhaust pipe may communicate from midway of the auxiliary cylinderto the main cylinder'through the circumferential throat-arranged midwayof the length of the slide valve.

The exhaust pipe preferably communi- .cates from one end of theauxiliary cylinder to the main cylinder through an axial opening in theslide valve.

In the accompanying drawing Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of thetiwo main cylinders and one auxiliary cylin- Fig. 2 is a cross-sectionalelevation of the two auxiliary cylindersand one main cylinder. v

Fig. 3 is a development of the two main and two auxiliary cylinders,showing the movement 0f-the valves.

Fig. 4 is a plan of the cylinders.

The motor consists; of two main cylinders a and b in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and4,'in which move pistons a and b acting on the crank shaft 0 in Figs. 1and 2. Parallel with the main cylinders a and b are mounted twoauxiliary cylinders d and e in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 of smaller diameter thanthe main cylinders a and b and communicating with the latter by lateralpassages a a b and Win Figs. 1, 2 and 3, in which auxiliary cylinder (5opens by passage 6 to top of main cylinder 6 and by passage 21? tobottom main cylinder a, also auxiliary cylinder ,0 opens by passage a totop main cylinder a and by passage 6 to bottom main cylinder b.

"In the auxiliary cylinder (i and e are arranged two slide valvesasleeve f in Figs; 1, 2 and3, slide 9 in Figs. 1, 2 and 3,*mountedconcentrically one in the other, the sleeve f being provided near themiddle and ends with a ring or orifices h, h and 72. in Figs.1, 2 and 3,while the slide q is provided also at the middle with a throat"orreduced portion g. The sleeve f and the slidewg are connected bytheir respective rods 70 and Z in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, to eccentriessecured 90 apart on a shaft m in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 to 'which the rotatorymotion of the driving shaft'c is transmitted at half speed by wheels nand 0 in Figs. 1 and 2.

The ends of the auxiliary cylinders d and e communicate with the exhaustpipe p in Figs. 1 and 2, and the said auxiliary cyl-- inders d and e areprovided between the annular assa es d and d in Fi s. 1 2

works in the same manner as a four-stroke motor as follows I Assumingthe parts to be in position for the commencement of admission, at thebottom of piston b in Figs. 1 and 2, that is to say, at the moment whenthe piston b after the expulsion of the consumed gases is at the deadpoint of its stroke preceding the aspiration period in that portion ofthe parts, the orifices k of sleeve f coincide exactly with the annularcavity e but are closed by slide 9 so that there is no communicationbetween any of the openings in the motor and the outside.

The half-speed shaft on turning in the direction of the arrow, as soonas the sleeve f begins its up stroke, the slide 9 which is then on thedown stroke, uncovers the orifices 71/ which then come into positionopposite the annular cavity 6 and passage 5 It follows that inproportion, as the piston 5' moves and produces a vacuum in its rear,the sleeve f and slide 9 increase progressively the sectional area forthe passage of the explosive mixture, which therefore enters thecylinder 5 through the throat of the slide 9 as well as through suchportions of the orifices h as are in communication with the cavities eand e as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3.

When the piston 5 reaches the end of its admission stroke the half-speedshaft has made l-turn, bringing the sleeve f and slide 9 into a positionfor shutting off the admis sion completely, as shown at a? in auxiliarycylinder d. The piston continuing its stroke and moving downward inorder to compress the admitted mixture, the sleeve and slide 9 movewithout uncovering any of the orifices.

The same occurs during the period following the displacement of thepiston b, that is to say, the period corresponding to the active phaseor working stroke of the motor and following the explosion.

When the piston b has reached the end of its working stroke and is aboutto expel the burned gases, the sleeve f and slide ,7

move simultaneously upward in order to uncover the orifices h and g andplace the cylinder Z) in communicatlon wlth the exhaust' pipe p shown atcl of annular cylinder d.

At the end of the expulsion or scavenging stroke of the piston 5, thesleeve f and slide 9 close the exhaust passages and reopen the admissionpassages, thus renewing and containing the cycle of the motor.

The timing of the sleeves f and f, .and slides g and g are shown suctionat the bottom and firing at the top of auxiliary cylinder 0,also'compressing at the'bottom and exhaust at the top of the auxiliarycylinder d. I

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by. Letters Patent is 1. An explosion motor of the class referredto and having double-acting reciprocating concentric slide and sleevevalves arranged Within auxiliary cylinders inde pendent of the maincylinders but communicating therewith and operating for the two maincylinders simultaneously; in which each auxiliary cylinder communicateswith the admission pipe at midway of the length of said auxiliarycylinder, with the exhaust pipe at the top of the auxiliary cylinder,and with the top end of one main cylinder and the bottom end of anothermain cylinder by lateralopenings.

2. Apparatus of the kind specified in claim 1, in which a sleeve open atboth ends and provided with lateral openings reciprocates within theauxiliary cylinder, and a hollow cylindrical slide valve with a narrowthroat about midway of its length reciprocates within the sleeve, forthe purpose set forth.

3. Apparatus of the kind specified in claim 2, in which the sleeve andthe slide valve are operated by two rods connected to eccentrics orcrank pins on the shaft at about 90 to each other, the said shaft beingdriven at half the speed of the main crank shaft.

4:. An explosion motor of the kind specified in claim 1, comprising incombination with an auxiliary shaft at right angles to the main crankshaft driven at half the speed thereof, and cranks or eccentricson theauxiliary shaft for driving the two sleeves and the two slide valves,two main cylinders, a main crank shaft with two cranks at 180,connecting rods, pistons reciprocati-ng within the cylinders, and twoauxiliary cylinders within each of which reciprocate a sleeve and aconcentric slide valve. I

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification. JOSEPHCHARLES WILLIAM LLOYD.

